I was looking through the latest edition of Architectural
Digest on Sunday and, not surprisingly, began thinking about interior design and
more specifically interior designers.
Although I teach business practice for the interior designer at Monterey Peninsula College
I also reference designers past who had an impact on how we do business, create
editorial press and practice interior design.
I have been surprised at how many of my students don’t know the
designers to whom I refer. No one, it
seems, is teaching the history of our profession from the aspect of the most
successful and well-known past professionals.
Many of them have work that has stood the test of time and is, in the
vernacular, timeless. I believe each of
the following designers added to the business of design as well as to the
American esthetic of interior design. Their
unique contributions have made it easier for each of us to earn a living in
today’s highly competitive arena of interior design. So, guys, here are a few of my
favorites. Let me know who you like that
I don’t mention.
Elsie de Wolf
By far the most famous of the pioneering socialite
decorators was affluent amateur Elsie de Wolfe, also known as Lady Mendl
(1865-1950). A prominent figure in the
society scenes of New York, London
and Paris, de Wolfe is credited as the first
female professional decorator in theUnited States. Her early success
proved to the predominately male design community interior decorating could be
a profession where a women’s presence “would not offend respectability.”
A self-proclaimed “rebel in an ugly world,” de Wolfe
authored the 1913 book, The House in Good
Taste, and became a legend in her own time by garnering the adoration of
the world media. A skillful,
self-promoting innovator, Lady Mendl was also very good at her job. She
helped update the design of high-end homes from darker Victorian
styles to fresher designs that featured soft colors and 18th-century French
furniture. Among her elite residential
clients were families like the Vanderbilts and the Duke and Duchess of Windsor. De Wolfe also
notably decorated interiors for the Colony Club and (what’s now) the Frick Museum
in New York,
all before World War I. Thanks in large part to Lady Mendl, the word decorator
came into existence and the art of interior design began drawing the interest
of the mainstream public.
Eleanor S. Brown
One of the most influential early interior designers,
Eleanor McMillen Brown, was a serious presence in New York’s high society scene. She was also a serious professional. Brown founded the legendary design firm
McMillen, Inc. in 1924, and then ran it for nearly six decades. In that time, Brown’s firm never strayed from
the McMillen style: a reassuring traditionalism with a contemporary flair and
feminine look that still has an enormous appeal to owners of rambling summer
cottages in Southampton. To this day,
McMillen, Inc. remains one of the best, most professional interior design
firms in the country.
Dorothy Draper
Another socially connected “lady” designer from New York and Philadelphia’s
elite set, Dorothy Draper will forever be remembered for her use of large
floral prints on fabrics and paper. Founder of Dorothy Draper Design, she
was a master at utilizing over-scaled furniture, custom-built for a specific
area. Draper did her part to help bring America out of the doldrums of the Depression
and World War II by using bright colors and large scale to remodel commercial
spaces like the Greenbrier Resort in West
Virginia.
Other Pioneering
Superstars [B head]
Of course for decorators who needed the money, making a
living from interior design didn’t begin to factor into the equation until the
moniker “interior designer” grew out of the fashionable world of the Socialite
Decorator and into the bloodstream of the American popular culture.
In the early part
of the 20th century, aspiring designers on the outside of the
society scenes in New York, London and Paris saw the public’s growing interest
in design as an opportunity to make a living doing what they loved. Scores of young designers leapt at the
chance.
Soon, the
American public began to see work from a diverse cast of trendsetting Superstar
Interior Decorators who established their names on talent alone and had few
society connections or formal design educations. Some of the notable pioneers in the field
were:
Syrie Maugham
Maugham introduced the "white look" to American
design in the early 1920s and like many designers of her time, kept a shop and
sold goods as well as her design services. Maugham was an excellent
mentor to a number of designers and is still remembered today for the style and
wit she employed in her designs.
Rose Cumming
An Australian who came to America during World War I, Rose
Cumming was another talent who demonstrated women could be very successful
interior designers. A self-described shopkeeper at heart, Cumming enjoyed
the idea of never knowing who might walk through her shop door with a new
challenge, work of art or new project.
The creator of many memorable fabrics and wall-coverings, many of which
designers still use to this day, Cumming mentored with famed New York decorator Mary Buel and drew from
that experience to create one of the best-known “brands” in interior
design.
Michael Taylor
Another great example of an interior designer with superb
branding skills, Michael Taylor was a revolutionary whose influence helped
shape a new generation of design artists.
Formally trained in San
Francisco, Michael is one of a group of young
designers who came out of interior design schools just after World War
II. The founder of Michael Taylor Designs in 1985, he was the first to
bring natural materials like concrete, wicker and timber in from the outdoors
and did more for the “white room” than any designer since Elsie de Wolfe or
Syrie Maugham. Before his death in 1986, Taylor’s over-scaled furniture designs had
become virtually synonymous with the California
lifestyle.
Mark Hampton
One of our all-time favorite “gentleman” designers, Mark
Hampton’s career is a study in diversity.
Yet another excellent branding success story, Hampton was a student at the London School of Economics before switching gears to earn
a Master’s Degree in Fine Arts from New
York University. With a thoughtful and educated design style, Hampton began his career with David Hicks in London then returned to the states, and New York, to work with the design firm
McMillen, Inc. Hampton
eventually created his own design house, Mark Hampton, LLC and is known for his
design vocabulary, which uses color, print and luxury finishes to create clean
interior designs. His book, Mark Hampton on Decorating, is a must
read for any student of interior design.